Table of Contents: Foreword Philip Liangyi Yang, President, Asia Pacific Regional Arbitration Group Introduction Michael J Moser List of Contributors Part A Japan
Yasuhei Taniguchi and Tatsuya Nakamura [1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Arbitration law [2.2] Application [2.3] Arbitrability [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Contract clause and submission agreement [3.2] Requirement of writing [3.3] Parties to the arbitration agreement [3.4] Separability/autonomy of the arbitration agreement [3.5] Effect of arbitration agreement [3.6] Consumer arbitration and individual employment arbitration [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualification [4.2] Number and selection of arbitrators [4.3] Challenging an arbitrator [4.4] Removal of arbitrators [4.5] Immunity of arbitrators [4.6] Corruption of arbitrators [4.7] Replacement of arbitrator [4.8] Remuneration of arbitrators [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] General [5.2] Commencement of arbitral proceedings [5.3] Place of arbitration [5.4] Hearings [5.5] Evidence and experts [5.6] Representation [5.7] Applicable law [5.8] Interim measures of protection [5.9] Plea as to the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal [5.9.1] Settlement [5.9.2] Costs of arbitration [5.9.3] Default [6] AWARDS [6.1] Types of award [6.2] Making of the award [6.3] Form of the award [6.4] Correction and interpretation [6.5] Additional award [6.6] Delivery of the award [6.7] Setting aside of awards [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [7.1] Taking of evidence [7.2] Service of written notice [7.3] No court intervention [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF ARBITRAL AWARDS [8.1] Enforcement pursuant to domestic law [8.2] Enforcement pursuant to international agreements [8.3] Enforcement of awards abroad [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Arbitral institutions [9.2] Visa requirements [9.3] Taxation [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Arbitration Law (Law No. 138 of 2003) [10.2] The JCAA Commercial Arbitration Rules As Amended and Effective on January 1, 2008 [10.3] The JCAA Arbitration Fee Regulations As Amended and Effective on March 1, 2004 [10.4] The JCAA Regulations for Arbitrator’s Remuneration As Amended and Effective on January 1, 2008 Part B Korea Kevin (Kap-You) Kim [1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [3] THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT [4] APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS [5] ARBITRAL PROCEDURE [6] AWARDS [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF ARBITRAL AWARDS [9] INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION IN KOREA [9.1] Background [9.2] Request for arbitration [9.3] Appointment of arbitrators [9.4] Proceedings [9.5] Award [10] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [10.1] Restrictions on foreign nationals [10.2] Visas [10.3] Korea Council Arbitration Board (KCAB) [11] APPENDICES (on CD) [11.1] Arbitration Act [11.2] International Arbitration Rules of KCAB Part C
Mongolia Sambuu Demberel
[1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [3] MONGOLIAN NATIONAL ARBITRATION CENTER (MNAC) [3.1] Organization and Functions [3.1.1] Arbitration [3.1.2] Mediation [3.1.3] Legal consultation [3.1.4] International cooperation [3.1.5] Research and conduction surveys [3.1.6] Training [3.1.7] Publication and Information Distribution [4] WHY ARBITRATE IN MONGOLIA? [5] RECOMMENDED ARBITRATION CLAUSE [6] APPENDICES (on CD) [6.1] Law on Arbitration [6.2] The Arbitration Rule Appendix to Decree No. 2 of the Council of the MNCCI, June 16, 2003
Part D
People’s Republic of China Michael J Moser and Wang Wenying
[1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Arbitration law [2.2] Application [2.3] Arbitrability [2.4] Arbitration organisations [2.5] Requirements for arbitration commissions [2.6] Foreign-related arbitration commissions [2.6.1] CIETAC [2.6.2] CMAC [2.6.3] Others [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Requirements [3.2] Types of arbitration agreements [3.2.1] Contract clause [3.2.2] Submission agreement [3.2.3] Incorporation by reference [3.2.4] Parties to the arbitration agreement [3.2.5] Defective arbitration agreements [3.2.5.1] Arbitration agreement is incomplete or unclear [3.2.5.2] The arbitration agreement simultaneously designates two arbitration bodies [3.2.5.3] The arbitration agreement lacks finality [3.2.5.4] The arbitration agreement designates a non-existent arbitration body [3.2.5.5] The agreement designates arbitration and litigation at the same time [3.2.5.6] Typewriting errors in an arbitration agreement [3.2.5.7] Unequal treatment accorded to one party to the arbitration agreement [3.2.6] Separability/autonomy of the arbitration agreement [3.2.7] Applicable law for determining the validity of the arbitration agreement [3.2.8] Effect of arbitration agreement [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Selection [4.3] Number of arbitrators [4.4] Challenging an arbitrator [4.5] Replacement of arbitrators [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Preliminary meetings [5.2] Interim relief [5.3] Fact-finding [5.3.1] Written submissions [5.3.2] Site visits and experts [5.4] The hearing [5.4.1] Necessity of a hearing [5.4.2] Hearing date [5.4.3] Location of the hearing [5.4.4] Records of the hearing [5.4.5] Fast track [5.4.6] Concluding the arbitration process [6] AWARDS [6.1] Settlement agreements [6.2] Types of awards [6.2.1] Consent awards [6.2.2] Interim or interlocutory awards [6.2.3] Partial awards [6.2.4] Final awards [6.3] Form of the award [6.3.1] Content of the award [6.4] Issuance and revision of awards [6.4.1] Scrutiny of awards [6.4.2] Correction of awards [6.4.3] Additional awards [6.5] Setting aside of awards [6.5.1] Domestic awards [6.5.2] Foreign-related awards [6.5.3] Time limits [6.5.4] Effect of setting aside [6.5.5] Re-arbitration [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF ARBITRAL AWARDS [8.1] Enforcement pursuant to domestic law [8.2] Enforcement pursuant to international agreements [8.3] Enforcement of CIETAC and CMAC awards abroad [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Publications [9.2] Contact details [9.2.1] CIETAC [9.2.2] CMAC [9.3] Visa requirements [9.4] Tax [9.5] Foreign counsel [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Arbitration Law of the People’s Republic of China [10.2] China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC) Arbitration Rules [10.3] China Maritime Arbitration Commission Arbitration Rules
Part E
Hong Kong Michael J Moser and Christopher To
[1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] General [2.2] International and domestic arbitration [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Number of arbitrators [4.2] Appointment of arbitrators [4.3] Qualifications [4.4] Challenge of arbitrators [4.5] Liabilities of arbitrators and arbitral institutions [4.6] Conciliation [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Commencement of the arbitration [5.2] Language [5.3] Pleadings and submissions [5.4] Evidence [5.5] Hearings and written proceedings [6] AWARDS [6.1] Interest [6.2] Costs [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [7.1] Powers of court to grant interim measures of protection in relation to foreign arbitral proceedings [7.2] Stay of High Court proceedings and referral to arbitration [7.3] Domestic arbitrations [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF ARBITRAL AWARDS [8.1] Setting aside awards made in Hong Kong [8.1.1] International Awards [8.1.2] Domestic awards [8.2] Enforcement of arbitral awards made in Hong Kong [8.3] New York Convention [8.4] Enforcement of China awards in Hong Kong [8.5] Enforcement of non New York Convention Awards [8.6] Enforcement of a foreign arbitral award by bringing fresh proceedings in the Hong Kong courts [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Facilities in Hong Kong [9.2] The Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre [9.3] Chartered Institute of Arbitrators [9.4] The Hong Kong Institute of Arbitrators [9.5] Foreign counsel [9.6] Visa requirements [9.7] Tax [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Chapter 341 Arbitration Ordinance [10.2] Arrangement concerning Mutual Enforcement of Arbitral Awards between the Mainland and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Part F
Taiwan Nigel N.T. Li, David W. Su, and Angela Y. Lin
[1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Arbitration Act [2.1.1] Taiwan's legal and dispute resolution traditions [2.1.2] The 1998 Arbitration Act [2.2] Arbitrability [2.2.1] Validity of intellectual property rights [2.2.2] Antitrust and unfair competition [2.2.3] Consumer protection [2.2.4] Securities regulation [2.2.5] Employment claims [2.3] Arbitration organisations [2.3.1] Introduction [2.3.2] Costs [2.3.3] Logistics [2.3.4] Neutrality [3] THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Requirements [3.2] Types of arbitration agreements [3.3] Separability/autonomy of the arbitration agreement [3.4] Effect of arbitration agreement [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Selection [4.3] Number of arbitrators [4.4] Challenging an arbitrator [4.5] Formation of tribunal [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Choice of law in arbitration proceedings [5.2] Amiable composition [5.3] Interim relief [5.4] Fact-finding [5.5] Hearing [5.5.1] Necessity of a hearing [5.5.2] Hearing date [5.5.3] Location of the hearing [5.5.4] Records of the hearing [5.5.5] Fast track [5.5.6] Concluding the arbitration process [6] AWARDS [6.1] Settlement agreements [6.2] Types of awards [6.2.1] Interim or interlocutory awards [6.2.2] Default award [6.2.3] Final awards [6.3] Form of the award [6.4] Revision of awards [6.5] Setting aside of awards [6.5.1] Domestic awards [6.5.2] Foreign-related awards [6.5.3] Time limits [6.5.4] Effect of setting aside [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN ARBITRAL AWARDS [8.1] Definition of a ‘foreign arbitral award’ [8.2] Recognition and enforcement of a foreign arbitral award [8.3] Enforcement of awards abroad [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Foreign counsel -- rights of appearance [9.2] Future trends [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] The Arbitration Act of ROC
Part G
Philippines Custodio O Parlade [1] INTRODUCTION [1.1] History of arbitration in the Philippines [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Arbitration laws [2.2] Application [2.3] Arbitrability [2.4] Arbitration organizations [2.4.1] The CIAC and the Philippine Institute of Construction Arbitrators and Mediators, Inc. (‘PICAM’) [2.4.2] The Philippine Dispute Resolution Center, Inc. (‘PDRCI’) [2.4.3] The International Chamber of Commerce (Philippines), Inc. (‘ICCP’) [2.4.4] Requirements for arbitration commissions [2.4.5] Foreign-related arbitration commissions [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Requirements [3.2] Types of arbitration agreements [3.3] Who may be parties [3.4] Pathological clauses [3.4.1] Separability/ autonomy of the arbitration agreement [3.4.2] Effect of arbitration agreement [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Selection [4.3] Number of arbitrators [4.4] Challenging an arbitrator [4.5] Replacement of arbitrators [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Preliminary meetings [5.2] Interim relief [5.3] Fact-finding [5.3.1] Written submissions [5.3.2] Site visits and experts [5.4] Hearing [5.4.1] Notice of hearing [5.4.2] Hearing date [5.4.3] Location of the hearing [5.4.4] Required forms [5.4.5] Records of the hearing [5.5] Fast track [5.6] Concluding the arbitration process [6] AWARDS [6.1] Settlement agreement [6.2] Types of awards [6.2.1] Consent awards [6.2.2] Interim or interlocutory awards [6.2.3] Partial awards [7] FINAL AWARDS [7.1] Form of the award [7.2] Contents of the award [7.3] Issuance and revision of awards [7.3.1] Scrutiny of awards [7.3.2] Correction of awards [7.3.3] Additional awards [7.4] Setting aside of awards [7.4.1] Domestic awards [7.4.2] Foreign-related awards [7.5] Time limits [7.6] Effect of setting aside [8] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [8.1] Recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards
[9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Visa requirement [9.2] Foreign counsel [9.3] Taxation [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Republic Act No. 9285 (known as “The Alternative Dispute Resolution Act of 2004”) [10.2] Republic Act No. 876 [SB 318] (known as “The Arbitration Law”) [10.3] The UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration [10.4] Executive Order No. 1008 (1985) Creating an Arbitration Machinery for the Philippine Construction Industry [10.5] Revised Rules of Procedure Governing Construction Arbitration [10.6] New Arbitration Rules of the PDRCI (Philippine Dispute Resolution Center, Inc.) Part H
Vietnam Milton Lawson and Hoang Thi Thanh Thuy
[1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Arbitration Law [2.2] Application [2.3] Arbitration fees [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Requirements [3.2] Types of arbitration agreement [3.2.1] Contract clause or separate agreement [3.2.2] Parties to the arbitration agreement [3.2.3] Separability/autonomy of the arbitration agreement [3.2.4] Effect of arbitration agreement [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Number of arbitrators [4.3] Selection [4.4] Challenging and replacement of arbitrators [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Points of claim [5.2] Establishment of an arbitration tribunal [5.3] Defence [5.4] Counter-claim [5.5] Interim relief [5.5.1] Measures for interim relief [5.5.2] Application for interim relief [5.5.3] Alteration or rescission of interim relief [5.6] Fact-finding [5.7] Hearing [5.7.1] Hearing date [5.7.2] Location of the hearing [5.7.3] Required forms [5.7.4] Records of the hearing [6] AWARDS [6.1] Settlement agreements [6.2] Form of the award [6.3] Announcement and revisions of awards [6.3.1] Announcement of awards [6.3.2] Correction of awards [6.4] Setting aside of awards [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN ARBITRAL AWARDS [8.1] Scope of application of the Civil Procedure Code [8.2] The enforcement process [8.2.1] Application to the Ministry of Justice [8.2.2] Consideration of the application [8.2.3] Hearing of the application [8.2.4] Grounds for refusal of recognition and enforcement [8.2.5] Enforcement [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Visa requirements [9.2] Foreign counsel [9.3] Taxation [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Decree on Commercial Arbitration No. 25-2004-ND-CP [10.2] Ordinance on Commercial Arbitration No. 08-2003-PL-UBTVQH1 1 [10.3] Civil Procedure Code No. 24/2004/QH11 of June 15, 2004 [10.4] Ordinance on Execution of Civil Judgments No. 13/2004/PL-UBTVQH11 of January 14, 2004 [10.5] Resolution No. 05/2003/NQ-HDTP of July 31, 2003 of the Judge’s Council of the Supreme People’s Court Guiding the Implementation of a Number of Provisions of the Ordinance on Commercial Arbitration
Part I
Lao Martin Desautels, Audray Souche and Viengsavanh Phanthaly [1] INTRODUCTION [1.1] Domestic arbitration [1.2] International arbitration [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Arbitration law [2.2] Application [2.3] Scope of arbitration [2.4] Arbitration organization [2.5] Requirements for arbitration commissions [2.6] Foreign-related arbitration commissions [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENT [3.1] Requirements [3.2] Types of arbitration agreements [3.2.1] Contract clause [3.2.2] Submission agreement [3.2.3] Incorporation by reference [3.2.4] Parties to the arbitration agreement [3.2.5] Defective arbitration agreements [3.2.6] Separability/autonomy of the arbitration agreement [3.2.7] Effect of arbitration agreement [4] ARBITRATION AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Selection [4.3] Number of arbitrators [4.4] Replacement of arbitrators [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Preliminary meetings [5.2] Interim relief [5.3] Fact-finding [5.3.1] Written submissions [5.3.2] Site visits and experts [5.4] Hearing [5.4.1] Necessity of a hearing [5.4.2] Hearing date [5.4.3] Location of the hearing [5.4.4] Required forms [5.4.5] Records of the hearing [5.4.6] Fast track [5.4.7] Concluding the arbitration process [6] AWARDS [6.1] Settlement agreement [6.2] Types of awards [6.2.1] Consent awards [6.2.2] Interim or interlocutory awards [6.2.3] Partial awards [6.2.4] Final awards [6.3] Form of the award [6.3.1] Content of the awards [6.4] Issuance and revision of awards [6.4.1] Scrutiny of awards [6.4.2] Correction of awards [6.4.3] Additional awards [6.5] Setting aside of awards [6.5.1] Domestic awards [6.5.2] Foreign-related awards [6.5.3] Time limits [6.5.4] Effect of setting aside [6.5.5] Re-arbitration [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN ARBITRAL AWARDS [8.1] Enforcement pursuant to domestic law [8.2] Enforcement pursuant to international agreements [8.3] Enforcement of awards abroad [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Visa requirements [9.2] Foreign counsel [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Law on Resolution of Economic Disputes Part J
Cambodia Rupert Haw [1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRATION TRIBUNAL [5] ARBITRAL PROCEDURES [6] AWARDS [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN AWARDS [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] The Commercial Arbitration Law of the Kingdom of Cambodia, 2006 Part K
Thailand Alastair Henderson, Surapol Srangsomwong and Sui-Lin Teoh
[1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK [2.1] Arbitration law [2.1.1] Civil Procedure Code [2.1.2] Arbitration Act 2002 [2.2] Arbitrability [2.3] Arbitration organisations [2.3.1] Thai Arbitration Institute, Alternative Dispute Resolution Office, Office of the Judiciary [2.3.2] The Board of Trade of Thailand [2.3.3] The Arbitration Committee, Department of Insurance [2.3.4] Other arbitration organisations [2.4] Requirements for arbitration commissions [2.5] Foreign and international arbitration commissions/ institutions [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Requirements [3.2] Types of arbitration agreements [3.2.1] Contract clause [3.2.2] Submission agreement [3.2.3] Incorporation by reference [3.3] Parties to the arbitration agreement [3.4] Defective arbitration agreements [3.5] Separability/autonomy of the arbitration agreement [3.6] Effect and enforcement of the arbitration agreement
[4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Number and selection of arbitrators [4.3] Challenging an arbitrator [4.4] Removal and replacement of arbitrators [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Commencement of arbitration proceedings [5.1.1] General [5.1.2] Preliminary mediation meetings [5.1.3] Time limitation/prescription [5.2] Preliminary meeting with tribunal [5.2.1] Further statements of claim and defence [5.3] Challenges to tribunal’s jurisdiction [5.4] Interim relief [5.5] Fact-finding [5.5.1] Documentary evidence [5.5.2] Witnesses [5.5.3] Experts [5.5.4] Site Visits [5.6] Trial Hearing [5.6.1] Necessity for a hearing [5.6.2] Location and seat [5.6.3] Hearing date [5.6.4] Opening statements [5.6.5] Records of the hearing [5.7] Default of a party [5.8] Concluding the arbitration process [5.8.1] Time limits [5.8.2] Closing procedures [6] AWARDS [6.1] Types of Awards [6.1.1] Consent awards [6.1.2] Interim, interlocutory and partial awards [6.1.3] Final awards [6.2] Form of the award [6.3] Content of the award [6.4] Interest and costs [6.5] Issuance and revision of awards [6.6] Additional awards [6.7] Challenge and setting aside of awards [6.7.1] Grounds for setting aside [6.7.2] Time limits [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [7.1] Obtaining evidence [7.2] Provisional measures/interim relief [8] ENFORCEMENT OF AWARDS [8.1] Procedures for enforcement [8.2] Requirements for enforceable foreign awards [8.3] Appeal [8.4] Enforcement against state entities [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Foreign arbitrators [9.2] Foreign counsel [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Arbitration Act B.E. 2545 [10.2] Arbitration Rules, Thai Arbitration Institute, Office of the Judiciary [10.3] Civil Procedure Code of Thailand (Sections 210 – 222) [10.4] The Thai Arbitration Institute, The Code of Ethics for Arbitrators, 1 March 2003 Part L Myanmar Thida Aye and James Finch [1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Arbitration Law and Application [2.2] Arbitrability [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Requirements [3.2] Parties to the arbitration agreement [3.3] Effect of arbitration agreement [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Selection [4.3] Number of arbitrators [4.4] Challenging an arbitrator [4.5] Replacement of arbitrators [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Arbitration without intervention of a court [5.2] Arbitration with intervention of a court where there is no suit pending [5.3] Arbitration in suits [6] AWARDS [6.1] Seeking an opinion of the court [6.2] Making of the award [6.3] Effect of an award [6.4] Types of awards [6.5] Correction of awards [6.6] Filing of awards at court [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [7.1] Interim orders [7.2] Modifying or remitting of the award [7.3] Setting aside of awards [7.4] Judgment and Decree of the court [7.5] Appeal [7.6] Enforcement of domestic awards [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN ARBITRAL AWARDS [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Visa requirements [9.2] Foreign counsel [9.3] Arbitrators fees and taxation [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] The Arbitration Act, 1944 [10.2] Part XXV-Arbitration– The Arbitration (Protocol and Convention) Act, (19th January, 1939) Part M
Singapore Michael Hwang SC, Andrew Chan and Renita Sophia Crasta [1] INTRODUCTION [1.1] A brief history of arbitration in Singapore [1.2] Overview of the Singapore legal system and laws [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Principal legislation underlying the dual track system for arbitrations held in Singapore [2.2] Territorial scope of the Model Law part of the International Arbitration Act [2.3] Domestic legislation giving effect to the international conventions [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Basic requirement of writing [3.2] Incorporation by reference of an arbitration clause [3.3] Option to arbitrate [3.4] Arbitrability [3.5] Rights of third parties [3.6] Independent existence of an arbitration clause [3.7] Confidentiality [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Overview [4.2] Appointment of arbitrator [4.2.1] Position under the International Arbitration Act [4.2.2] Position under the Arbitration Act [4.3] Qualifications of arbitrators [4.4] Impartiality and independence of the arbitrator [5] ARBITRAL PROCEDURE [5.1] Freedom to choose procedure – ad hoc and institutional rules [5.2] Evidence [5.3] Procedures for the conduct of arbitration [5.4] Kompetenz-kompetenz [5.5] Representation by foreign counsel [6] AWARDS [6.1] Types of awards [6.2] Partial awards [6.3] Form of award [6.4] Contents of award [6.5] Award by consent [6.6] Correction and interpretation of award [6.7] Recourse against awards made in Singapore [6.7.1] Awards made in Singapore under the International Arbitration Act [6.7.2] Awards made in Singapore under the Arbitration Act [6.8] Enforcement of awards made in Singapore [6.8.1] Awards made in Singapore under the International Arbitration Act [6.8.2] Awards made in Singapore under the Arbitration Act [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [7.1] A pro-arbitration approach [7.2] Enforcement of arbitration agreements [7.2.1] Arbitration under the International Arbitration Act [7.2.2] Arbitration under the Arbitration Act [7.3] Curial support in the conduct of arbitration [7.3.1] Position under the International Arbitration Act [7.3.2] Position under the Arbitration Act [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN AWARDS [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Visa requirements [9.2] Foreign counsel [9.3] Taxation [9.4] Singapore International Arbitration Centre (SIAC) [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Arbitration Act [10.2] International Arbitration Act [10.3] Arbitration Rules of the Singapore International Arbitration Centre Part N
Malaysia Dato’ Cecil Abraham [1] INTRODUCTION [1.1] Brief legislative history of arbitration in Malaysia [1.2] Overview of the Malaysian legal system and laws [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Principal legislation [3] TERRITORIAL SCOPE OF THE 1952 AND 2005 ACT [3.1] Section 34 of the 1952 Act [4] DOMESTIC LEGISLATION GIVING EFFECT TO INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS [5] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [5.1] Basic Requirement of Writing [5.2] The 2005 Act [6] INDEPENDENT EXISTENCE OF AN ARBITRATION CLAUSE [7] ARBITRATORS AND ARBITRAL TRIBUNALS [7.1] Introduction [8] APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATOR [8.1] The 1952 Act [8.2] The 2005 Act [9] QUALIFICATIONS OF ARBITRATORS [10] IMPARTIALITY AND INDEPENDENCE OF THE ARBITRATOR [10.1] The 1952 Act [10.2] The 2005 Act [11] CHALLENGES [12] ARBITRAL PROCEDURE [13] KLRCA AND OTHER ARBITRAL INSTITUTIONS [14] EVIDENCE [15] PROCEDURE FOR CONDUCT OF ARBITRATION [15.1] The 1952 Act [15.2] The 2005 Act [16] JURISDICTION [17] REPRESENTATION BY FOREIGN COUNSEL [18] AWARDS [18.1] The 1952 Act [18.2] The 2005 Act [19] FORM OF THE AWARD [19.1] The 1952 Act [19.2] The 2005 Act [20] CONTENTS OF THE AWARD [21] AWARD BY CONSENT [22] CORRECTION AND INTERPRETATION OF AWARD [23] RECOURSE AGAINST AWARDS MADE IN MALAYSIA [23.1] The 1952 Act [23.2] The 2005 Act [24] AWARDS MADE IN MALAYSIA UNDER THE 1952 ACT [25] ENFORCEMENT OF AWARDS MADE IN MALAYSIA [25.1] The 1952 Act [25.2] The 2005 Act [26] ENFORCEMENT OF ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [26.1] The 1952 Act [26.2] The 2005 Act [27] CURIAL SUPPORT IN THE CONDUCT OF ARBITRATION [27.1] The 1952 Act [27.2] The 2005 Act [28] AMENDMENTS TO THE 2005 ACT [29] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [30] TAX [31] APPENDICES (on CD) [31.1] Laws of Malaysia Act 646 Arbitration Act 2005 [31.2] Rules for Arbitration of the Kuala Lumpur Regional Centre for Arbitration Part O
Indonesia Karen Mills [1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] Arbitration law [2.2] Application [2.3] Arbitrability [2.4] Arbitration organisations [2.5] Requirements for arbitration commissions [2.6] Foreign-related arbitration commissions [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENT [3.1] Requirements [3.2] The contract [3.3] Type of arbitration agreements [3.3.1] Contract clause [3.3.2] Submission agreement [3.3.3] Incorporation by reference [3.3.4] Parties to the arbitration agreement [3.3.5] Defective arbitration agreements [3.3.6] Separability/autonomy of the arbitration agreement [3.3.7] Effect of the arbitration agreement [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Selection [4.3] Number of arbitrators [4.4] Challenging an arbitrator [4.5] Replacement of arbitrators [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Preliminary meetings [5.2] Interim relief [5.3] Fact-finding [5.3.1] Written submissions [5.3.2] Site visits and experts [5.4] Hearings [5.4.1] Necessity of a hearing [5.4.2] Hearing date [5.4.3] Location of the hearing [5.4.4] Required forms [5.4.5] Records of the hearing [5.4.6] Fast track [5.4.7] Concluding the arbitration process [6] AWARDS [6.1] Settlement agreement [6.2] Types of award [6.2.1] Consent award [6.2.2] Interim or interlocutory awards [6.2.3] Partial awards [6.2.4] Final awards [6.3] Form of the award [6.3.1] Content of the award [6.4] Issuance and revision of awards [6.4.1] Scrutiny of the award [6.4.2] Correction of awards [6.4.3] Additional awards [6.5] Setting aside of awards [6.5.1] Domestic awards [6.5.2] Foreign-related awards [6.5.3] Time limits [6.5.4] Effect of setting aside [6.5.5] Re-arbitration [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN ARBITRAL AWARDS [8.1] Enforcement pursuant to domestic law [8.2] Enforcement pursuant to international agreements [8.3] Enforcement of awards abroad [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Visa requirements [9.2] Foreign counsel [9.3] Taxation [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution [10.2] Elucidation on Law No. 30/1999 concerning Arbitration and Dispute Settlement Alternative Part P India Fali S Nariman [1] INTRODUCTION [2] LEGISLATION [2.1] General [2.2] Underlying objective of the 1996 Act [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS [3.1] Form and contents of the agreement [3.2] Parties to the agreement [3.3] Effect of the agreement [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL [4.1] Qualifications [4.2] Number of arbitrators [4.3] Appointment of arbitrators [4.4] Challenge of arbitrators [4.5] Termination of the mandate of the arbitral tribunal [4.6] Pleas as to the arbitral tribunal’s jurisdiction [4.7] Court assistance to the arbitral tribunal in taking evidence [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Place of arbitration [5.2] Time limit for arbitration proceedings [5.3] Arbitral proceedings in general [5.4] Evidence [5.5] Requiring deposits in connection with costs of the arbitration [6] AWARDS [6.1] Types of awards [6.2] Making of the award [6.3] Form of the award [6.4] Correction and interpretation of the award and making of additional award [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [7.1] Assistance of courts–before or during arbitral proceedings [7.2] Power of courts to refer parties to arbitration where there is an arbitration agreement [7.3] Power of courts before or during arbitral proceedings to grant interim measures of protection [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF AWARDS [8.1] General [8.2] Appeals (on the merits) from an arbitral award [8.3] Setting aside of arbitral award [8.3.1] Grounds for setting aside [8.3.2] Procedure [8.3.3] Waivers [8.3.4] Appeals and limitation [8.3.4.1] From order of court setting aside or refusing to set aside arbitral awards [8.3.4.2] Appeals from other orders [8.3.4.3] Power of the court to extend time with respect to future disputes provided in the arbitration agreement which might become time-barred [9] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF AWARDS: CURRENT DECISIONS AND PRACTICE [9.1] Procedure for enforcement of foreign awards [9.2] Extent of court control of foreign awards [9.3] Rules of public policy [10] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [10.1] Arbitration agreements [10.1.1] Capacity, mode and manner of entering into arbitration agreements: this is not provided for in the 1996 Act, but in the general law [10.1.2] Recommended arbitration clauses [10.1.3] Governments and state agencies: practice [10.1.4] Multi party arbitrations [10.2] Arbitrators and arbitral tribunals [10.2.1] Powers of arbitrators – where place of arbitration is in India or where the applicable law is Indian law [10.2.2] Appointment of arbitrators in institutional arbitration [10.2.3] Costs in arbitration proceedings [10.2.4] Fees of arbitrators [10.3] Awards [10.3.1] Internal appeals from arbitral awards [10.3.2] Awards in foreign currency [10.3.3] Foreign arbitral awards – conventions and treaties [10.4] Judicial assistance and intervention [10.5] Conciliation [10.5.1] The statutory provisions [10.5.2] Corresponding amendments in other laws [11] APPENDICES (on CD) [11.1] The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 [11.2] Rules of Arbitration of the Indian Council of Arbitration (as amended on March 1, 1998) [11.3] The ICADR (The International Centre for Alternative Dispute Resolution) Arbitration Rules, 1996 Part Q Australia/New Zealand Michael Pryles [1] INTRODUCTION [1.1] Background Australia New Zealand [2] LEGISLATION Australia New Zealand [3] ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS Australia New Zealand [3.1] Domain of arbitration Australia New Zealand [3.2] Severability of the arbitral clause Australia New Zealand [3.3] Enforcement of the arbitration agreement Australia New Zealand [4] ARBITRATORS AND THE ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL Australia New Zealand [5] ARBITRATION PROCEDURE [5.1] Place of arbitration Australia New Zealand [5.2] Law governing the arbitral proceedings Australia New Zealand [5.3] Procedure Australia New Zealand [5.3.1] Evidence Australia New Zealand [5.3.2] Representation in proceedings Australia [5.3.3] Experts Australia New Zealand [5.3.4] Confidentiality Australia New Zealand [5.3.5] Consolidation of arbitral proceedings Australia and New Zealand [5.3.6] Law applicable to the substance of the dispute Australia [5.3.6.1] Common law [5.3.6.2] Under the Model Law [5.3.6.3] Transnational rules (lex mercatoria) New Zealand [5.3.7] Amiable composition Australia New Zealand [6] AWARDS [6.1] Form and content of award Australia New Zealand [6.2] Making of the award Australia New Zealand [6.3] Decision by a majority of arbitral members Australia New Zealand [6.4] Default awards Australia New Zealand [6.5] Settlement Australia New Zealand [6.6] Correction and interpretation of the award Australia New Zealand [6.7] Additional awards Australia New Zealand [6.8] Fees and costs Australia New Zealand [7] JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE AND INTERVENTION [7.1] Interim measures of protection Australia New Zealand [7.2] Courts Australia New Zealand [8] RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN AWARDS [8.1] Recognition and enforcement Australia New Zealand [8.2] Defences to the enforcement of an award Australia [8.2.1] Incapacity [8.2.2] Invalidity of the arbitration agreement [8.2.3] Lack of notice or inability to present a case [8.2.4] Award outside submission [8.2.5] Improper composition of the arbitral authority or improper arbitral procedure [8.2.6] Award set aside or not yet binding [8.2.7] Subject matter not arbitrable under the lex fori [8.2.8] Enforcement contrary to public policy [8.2.9] Adjournment where there is an application to set aside the award at the seat New Zealand [8.3] Interim awards Australia [9] PRACTICAL INFORMATION [9.1] Arbitral institutions Australia New Zealand [9.2] Tax Issues for foreign arbitrators [9.3] Visa requirements for arbitrators working in Australia [10] APPENDICES (on CD) [10.1] (Australia) International Arbitration Act 1974 [10.2] (New Zealand) Arbitration Act 1996 (includes Geneva and New York Conventions)
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